Córdoba is a fascinating blend of historical splendour, cultural diversity, and modern charm. With a rich heritage that includes Roman, Moorish, and Christian influences, Córdoba offers a unique glimpse into Spain’s complex past. Whether you’re a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or just someone looking to enjoy the vibrant atmosphere of a Spanish city, Córdoba has something to offer. Here are the top 10 places you must visit when exploring this captivating city.

1. Mezquita-Catedral (Mosque-Cathedral)

The Mezquita-Catedral is undoubtedly Córdoba’s most iconic landmark. Originally built as a mosque during the 8th century and later converted into a cathedral in the 13th century, this UNESCO World Heritage site is a masterpiece of Islamic architecture combined with Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque elements. The stunning forest of columns and arches in the interior, coupled with the ornate Christian chapels and a stunning altar, make it a unique architectural wonder that reflects the city’s multicultural history.

2. Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos (Alcázar of the Christian Monarchs)

This impressive fortress and palace complex was built by King Alfonso XI in 1328. The Alcázar served as one of the primary residences of the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella. It is renowned for its beautiful gardens, which are filled with fountains, lush greenery, and a variety of flowers. Inside, you can explore the ancient Roman mosaics, medieval towers, and the hall where Christopher Columbus received royal approval for his journey to the New World.

3. Puente Romano (Roman Bridge)

The Puente Romano, a 1st-century BC structure that spans the Guadalquivir River, is one of Córdoba’s most photographed sights. It offers stunning views of the Mezquita-Catedral and the old town. As you stroll across this historic bridge, you’ll also encounter the medieval Torre de la Calahorra, a tower that once served as a defensive stronghold and now houses a museum dedicated to the diverse cultural history of Córdoba.

4. Judería (Jewish Quarter)

Córdoba’s Jewish Quarter is a maze of narrow, winding streets, whitewashed houses, and charming courtyards. This historic area is home to the only synagogue in Andalusia that survived the expulsion of the Jews in 1492. Today, it serves as a museum that offers insight into the rich Jewish heritage of Córdoba. Wander through the cobblestone streets to discover boutique shops, traditional Andalusian patios, and delightful tapas bars.

5. Medina Azahara

Just a short drive from the city centre, Medina Azahara is an archaeological site of a vast, ruined Moorish palace-city built in the 10th century by Caliph Abd al-Rahman III. Although only partially restored, the ruins provide a fascinating glimpse into the opulence of Islamic Córdoba. The site features remnants of royal halls, mosques, and beautiful gardens. A new museum and visitor centre provide context and artifacts to help bring the ruins to life.

6. Plaza de la Corredera

Plaza de la Corredera is Córdoba’s largest square and one of the few examples of a Castilian-style square in Andalusia. Once used for bullfights and public spectacles, today it’s a lively hub surrounded by arcaded buildings with balconies. The square is filled with outdoor cafes and bars, making it a perfect spot for people-watching while enjoying some traditional Spanish cuisine.

7. Palacio de Viana

The Palacio de Viana is a stunning 14th-century palace that showcases Córdoba’s famous patios, or courtyards. The palace boasts 12 beautiful patios, each with its own unique theme and style, ranging from lush gardens to traditional Andalusian decor. The interiors of the palace are equally impressive, with a collection of art, furniture, and historical artifacts that provide insight into the lives of Córdoba’s aristocracy.

8. Torre de la Calahorra

Located at the end of the Roman Bridge, the Torre de la Calahorra is a fortified gate that has been transformed into the Museo Vivo de Al-Andalus. The museum provides a fascinating overview of Córdoba’s Islamic period and its role as a centre of learning and culture in medieval Europe. Exhibits include interactive displays, historical artifacts, and multimedia presentations that showcase the city’s diverse cultural heritage.

9. Patios of Córdoba

Córdoba is famous for its beautiful patios, and no visit to the city is complete without exploring these hidden gems. The tradition of decorating courtyards with colourful flowers, plants, and fountains dates back to Roman times. Each May, the city hosts the Festival de los Patios, when local residents open their private patios to the public, competing for the title of the most beautiful courtyard. Even outside of festival season, you can visit several patios in the San Basilio neighbourhood and other parts of the city.

10. Museo Arqueológico de Córdoba (Córdoba Archaeological Museum)

Housed in the Renaissance-style Palacio de los Páez de Castillejo, the Museo Arqueológico de Córdoba offers a comprehensive collection of artifacts that trace the city’s history from prehistoric times through the Middle Ages. Highlights include Roman sculptures, mosaics, Islamic pottery, and medieval treasures. The museum’s basement reveals an impressive set of preserved Roman ruins, including part of a theatre, offering a fascinating glimpse into Córdoba’s ancient past.